I need to find peer-reviewed studies on whether strict class size limits actually improve standardized test scores in low-income elementary schools for my senior capstone paper.
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Fan-out diagram
The searches the AI actually ran for this prompt.
SEED QUERY
I need to find peer-reviewed studies on whether strict class size limits actually improve standardized test scores in low-income elementary schools for my senior capstone paper.
3 real searches · 1 real-search pass
peer reviewed class size reduction standardized test scores low income elementary schools Project STAR Krueger 1999 class sizeGoogle ↗
OBSERVEDReason
class size caps policy achievement test scores elementary schools low income peer reviewed studyGoogle ↗
OBSERVEDReason
class size achievement meta analysis disadvantaged students elementary randomized experiment peer reviewedGoogle ↗
OBSERVEDReason
Badge and edge weight = share of passes that produced the query. Hover a query for its intent and routing format.
Query classes
Google's semantic query class for every sub-query: what kind of answer each search is after, simulated vs real.
ChatGPT real searches (3)
Classes come from the query-classifier (a local Laya model). 1 of 3 calls are low-confidence (under 50%) — hover a query in the table to see its confidence.
Searches and sources
ChatGPT3 real searches · gpt-6
peer reviewed class size reduction standardized test scores low income elementary schools Project STAR Krueger 1999 class size Google ↗
class size caps policy achievement test scores elementary schools low income peer reviewed study Google ↗
class size achievement meta analysis disadvantaged students elementary randomized experiment peer reviewed Google ↗
- 10.1162/003355399556052 · doi.org
- Experimental Estimates of Education Production Functions* | The Quarterly Journal of Economics · academic.oup.com
- Experimental Estimates of Education Production Functions · nber.org
- 10.1086/528972 · doi.org
- Do Small Classes Reduce the Achievement Gap between Low and High Achievers? Evidence from Project STAR | The Elementary School Journal: Vol 108, No 4 · journals.uchicago.edu
- Small class sizes for improving student achievement in primary and secondary schools: a systematic review · pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Find the journal article through ERIC · eric.ed.gov
- 10.1016/j.econedurev.2012.01.004 · doi.org
- Do reductions in class size raise students’ test scores? Evidence from population variation in Minnesota's elementary schools · sciencedirect.com
- 10.4073/csr.2018.10 · doi.org
- Journal article · doi.org
- Journal article · eric.ed.gov
- Journal article · doi.org
- Journal article · doi.org
- Evaluating the SAGE Program: A Pilot Program in Targeted Pupil-Teacher Reduction in Wisconsin - Alex Molnar, Philip Smith, John Zahorik, Amanda Palmer, Anke Halbach, Karen Ehrle, 1999 · journals.sagepub.com
- A strategic response to class size reduction: Combination classes and student achievement in California - Sims - 2008 - Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · onlinelibrary.wiley.com
- The effect of kindergarten classroom size reduction on second grade student achievement: Evidence from California · sciencedirect.com
- scholar.google.com · scholar.google.com
- eric.ed.gov · eric.ed.gov
- jstor.org · jstor.org
- campbellcollaboration.org · campbellcollaboration.org
Queries
3 queries · click a column to sort
| Query / type | Search | Intent | Query class | Routing format | Cluster | Freq ↓ | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
peer reviewed class size reduction standardized test scores low income elementary schools Project STAR Krueger 1999 class size OBSERVED | Google ↗ AI Mode ↗ | — | Reason | — | — | 1x of 1 | |
class size caps policy achievement test scores elementary schools low income peer reviewed study OBSERVED | Google ↗ AI Mode ↗ | — | Reason | — | — | 1x of 1 | |
class size achievement meta analysis disadvantaged students elementary randomized experiment peer reviewed OBSERVED | Google ↗ AI Mode ↗ | — | Reason | — | — | 1x of 1 |