Real ChatGPT answer · index seedERGqKaJz7UMcompleteLegal · intellectual propertybrand

What is the current consensus on whether training large language models on copyrighted text constitutes fair use under current US copyright jurisprudence?

ChatGPTgpt-63 queries11/1/2026
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Fan-out diagram

The searches the AI actually ran for this prompt.

SEED QUERY
What is the current consensus on whether training large language models on copyrighted text constitutes fair use under current US copyright jurisprudence?
3 real searches · 1 real-search pass
US courts 2026 latest copyright fair use generative AI training cases appellate decisions 2025 2026Google ↗
OBSERVEDReason
Bartz v Anthropic fair use training copyrighted books June 2025 opinion holdings Kadrey v Meta fair use 2025Google ↗
OBSERVEDReason
Thomson Reuters v Ross Intelligence Third Circuit February 2025 fair use AI training opinionGoogle ↗
OBSERVEDReason

Badge and edge weight = share of passes that produced the query. Hover a query for its intent and routing format.

Query classes

Google's semantic query class for every sub-query: what kind of answer each search is after, simulated vs real.

ChatGPT real searches (3)
Short factOther / navigationalComparisonConsequenceReason100%DefinitionInstructionYes / no

Classes come from the query-classifier (a local Laya model). 2 of 3 calls are low-confidence (under 50%) — hover a query in the table to see its confidence.

Searches and sources

ChatGPT3 real searches · gpt-6
US courts 2026 latest copyright fair use generative AI training cases appellate decisions 2025 2026 Google ↗
Bartz v Anthropic fair use training copyrighted books June 2025 opinion holdings Kadrey v Meta fair use 2025 Google ↗
Thomson Reuters v Ross Intelligence Third Circuit February 2025 fair use AI training opinion Google ↗

Queries

3 queries · click a column to sort
Query / typeSearchIntentQuery classRouting formatClusterFreq ↓Weight
US courts 2026 latest copyright fair use generative AI training cases appellate decisions 2025 2026
OBSERVED
Google ↗
AI Mode ↗
—Reason——1x
of 1
Bartz v Anthropic fair use training copyrighted books June 2025 opinion holdings Kadrey v Meta fair use 2025
OBSERVED
Google ↗
AI Mode ↗
—Reason——1x
of 1
Thomson Reuters v Ross Intelligence Third Circuit February 2025 fair use AI training opinion
OBSERVED
Google ↗
AI Mode ↗
—Reason——1x
of 1